Alphabet $GOOGL (-0,22%) exceeded earnings estimates by 214 percent. The stock price then rose by 0.65 percent.
Coeur Mining $CDE (+1,94%) missed expectations by 54 percent during the same period. The stock rose 11 percent.
Since the end of May, Iâve had every quarterly earnings report from my stock universe automatically recorded, along with the stock price reaction the following day. A total of 122 reports were collected between May 27 and August 20. This isnât a simulation; the data was collected as events unfolded.
The common assumption goes like this: A company beats estimatesâthatâs good newsâso the stock price rises. None of these three steps holds true.
1ïžâŁ Almost all beat estimates
112 out of 122 were above expectations. Thatâs 91.8 percent. Ten missed.
The rate says nothing about the companies. It says something about the estimates. Analysts lower their forecasts in the weeks leading up to the earnings release because the companies prepare them accordingly. Whatâs left is a bar that practically everyone clears. Anyone who reads âexceeded expectationsâ has learned about as much as they would from the news that a train departed on time.
2ïžâŁ The stock price falls anyway
Of the 112 companies that beat estimates, the stock price fell in 65 casesâthatâs 58 percent.
On average, the reaction after a âbeatâ was a decline of 0.03 percent, and after a âmiss,â an increase of 0.53 percent. The median shows the same pattern: -0.47 versus -0.28. Both figures are close to zero, so I wouldnât base a trading rule on them. With only ten misses, the second figure is insignificant anyway. But the trend is consistent in both calculations.
3ïžâŁ Even a big surprise doesnât help
It might seem obvious that two percent above the estimate isnât enough and that a real outlier is needed. The correlation between the magnitude of the surprise and the price reaction is minus 0.042. Thatâs just noise. Alphabet $GOOGL (-0,22%) 214 percent above estimates, stock price up 0.65. Warner Bros. Discovery $WBD 154 percent above estimates, stock up 1.44. Centene $CNC (+0,33%) 133 percent above estimate, price down 1.59. Intel $INTC (-2,98%) 95 percent above estimates, down 7.89.
Thereâs movement, but itâs coming from elsewhere
NetApp rose $NTAP (-3,93%) up 22.4 percent, Teradyne $TER (-5,02%) up 14.4 percent, and Seagate $STX (-4,72%) up 11.4 percent. On the downside, Reddit $RDDT (+6,79%) was down 21.0 percent, Ciena $CIEN (-1,18%) down 8.9 percent, Broadcom $AVGO (-1,2%) down 7.9 percent, and Apple $AAPL (-0,85%) down 7.4.
These are double-digit daily movements. Reddit $RDDT (+6,79%) beat estimates by 30 percent and lost a fifth of its value. Broadcom $AVGO (-1,2%) was 1.7 percent above estimates and lost nearly 8 percent. The number in the headline doesnât explain any of these movements. Itâs about the outlook, margins, and a statement in the earnings call.
What it isnât
Three months constitute an earnings season, not a cycle. In a period of falling earnings, the 92 percent rate would likely look different. I measure only the day after the announcement, not the two weeks that follow. My universe consists of large-cap stocks from fourteen indices; with small-cap stocks, things can play out differently. Iâll keep collecting data; in a year, Iâll have four quarters.
For me, this means: Anyone who buys after a report because expectations were exceeded is reacting to information that everyone has and that almost always comes to pass. The reverse scenario is more interestingâwhen a stock price reacts strongly even though the numbers were unremarkable. That means thereâs something else in the report.
â Do any of you deliberately trade around earnings reports? And does anyone have an explanation for why misses, on average, fare better than beats?
đ Leave your thoughts in the comments!
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Not investment advice; based on my own research. Past performance is not indicative of future results.