In the following post, I would like to discuss the new US tariffs and their potential economic consequences. The background and possible effects on inflation and companies, as well as the winners and losers on the stock market, will be discussed.
Again, of course, the stocks mentioned do not constitute investment advice, but merely serve as examples of possible beneficiaries or losers of tightening trade restrictions. Historical developments are no guarantee of future returns.
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In this post:
- Influence on inflation
- New tariffs in force
- Reaction of the countries
- Consequences for the global economy
- Winners & losers
- Investment opportunities
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The topic of "tariffs" is currently not only very present in the media, but the term "tariffs" has also been discussed with a strong increase in the past earnings calls of companies in the S&P 500, as the following chart shows [1].
The chart shows that the discussion about tariffs has intensified in recent months and is having an ever greater impact on the outlook in companies' annual reports.
The data is presented as a three-month average and broken down into various sectors, including e.g. industry, healthcare, consumer goods, information technology, etc.
I am curious to see how the stock markets will behave in the coming week. In addition to the current reporting season, the topic of "tariffs" will certainly dominate.
After the tough tariffs announced after Trump took office were not immediately enforced and there was a "slight" sigh of relief, there could now be a new reaction on the markets, as there was on Friday evening. slightly was already slightly noticeable on Friday evening when the markets turned towards the evening.
A looming trade conflict could not only affect individual companies, but also further fuel inflation in the US:
💰 Influence on inflation
On January 31, Deutsche Bank published a forecast on the potential impact of tariffs on the inflation rate [2]:
The chart compares the current forecast with the forecast before the "Trump" era and takes into account various scenarios for the passing on of tariffs (pass-through) by Canada and Mexico.
Two scenarios are considered: one with a 50% pass-through of tariffs (additional increase shown in dark green) and one with a 75% pass-through (light green). It is clear that the inflation rate could rise sharply again this year and fall again by 2027.
🛃 New tariffs in force & further measures planned
As of today, February 1, 2025, the US government and Donald Trump have imposed new import tariffs on Mexico, Canada and China:
- 25% on imports from Mexico and Canada
- 10% on imports from China
According to the White House spokesperson, these measures are, among other things, a response to the failure of these countries to stop the influx of fentanyl and illegal immigrants into the USA. [3]
But this is just the beginning:
From mid-February, the USA will also impose tariffs on strategic goods [4], including:
- computer chips
- pharmaceuticals
- Steel, aluminum and copper
- Oil and gas imports (but only from February 18 with reduced 10% tariffs so as not to burden US petrol prices immediately).
🚨 Trump relies on escalation - Canada announces retaliation
Yesterday, Canadian government representatives, including Foreign Minister Mélanie Joly, tried to prevent the tariffs in Washington, but to no avail.
Trump made it clear before his departure to Mar-a-Lago [5]:
"We have a 200 billion dollar trade deficit with Canada. Why should we subsidize Canada?"
The EU could also soon be targeted, as Trump hinted:
"Absolutely! The European Union has treated us so terribly!"
🔄 Canada's reaction:
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced that Canada will not back down and will respond with "swift and robust countermeasures".
The government is planning a three-stage retaliation strategy [5]:
- 1️⃣ Targeted punitive tariffs on US products coming from Republican states (e.g. orange juice, whiskey, ketchup, peanut butter and motorcycles).
- 2️⃣ Tariffs on steel products and machine parts from the USA.
- 3️⃣ Escalation: halting US exports of oil, gas and electricity to Canada.
However, this last step in particular would be a double-edged sword, as Canada is heavily dependent on energy cooperation with the US.
Economic experts in the US are already warning of the consequences of a trade war [5]:
- The new tariffs could increase the cost of living for an average US household by 800 dollars per year.
- The oil and gas tariffs could increase the price of petrol in the USA by up to 20 cents per liter.
But Trump remains firm:
"Maybe there will be short-term disruption, but in the long run the tariffs will make us very rich and very strong."
🌎 Possible consequences for the global economy
(a) Rising prices in the USA
- Technology & electronicsHigher chip prices are hitting companies such as Apple $AAPL (+0.87%) , Dell $DELL and HP $HPQ (-0.13%) as many of their components come from China.
- Healthcare costs: Pharmaceutical companies such as CVS Health $CVS (+0.33%) and Walgreens Boots Alliance $WBA (-3.23%) are facing higher purchasing costs.
- Construction & InfrastructureHigher steel prices are weighing on companies such as Lennar $LEN (-2.62%) D.R. Horton $DHI (-2.9%) and Caterpillar $CAT (-0.55%) .
(b) Retaliation & new trade wars?
- China could impose tariffs on US products, which could affect e.g. Archer Daniels Midland $ADM (-0.24%) Boeing $BA (-1.25%) and Qualcomm $QCOM (+1.01%) would be affected.
- The EU could make US imports more expensive, which would affect Tesla $TSLA (+1.47%) , Ford $F (-0.23%) and General Motors $GM (+0.27%) could suffer.
(c) Effects on the stock market
- Volatility is increasing as there is uncertainty about the consequences for various industries.
- Particularly affected: Technology and automotive stocks with global supply chains.
🏆 Winners & losers - which companies will benefit, which will suffer?
Possible beneficiaries of the tariffs
US manufacturers of steel, aluminum & copper
- Nucor $NUE (+1.27%) , U.S. Steel $X (+1.71%) and Freeport-McMoRan $FCX (-1.82%) could benefit as foreign competition becomes more expensive as a result of the tariffs.
Domestic pharmaceutical and biotech companies
- Pfizer $PFE (-1.06%) Moderna $MRNA (-4.05%) and Eli Lilly $LLY (-1.12%) could gain market share.
Energy companies with US production
- ExxonMobil $XOM (-1.88%) , Chevron$CVX (-4.1%) and Expand Energy $CHK (-0.94%) could benefit from rising prices for US oil and gas.
Chip manufacturers with US production
- Intel $INTC (-3.64%) and Texas Instruments$TXN (+0.02%) have US factories and could gain market share.
😥 Companies that could suffer from the tariffs
Chip manufacturers with global supply chains
- Apple $AAPL (+0.87%) NVIDIA $NVDA (-1.87%) , AMD $AMD (-1.66%) are dependent on Asian imports and could see higher production costs.
Car manufacturers with global suppliers
- Tesla $TSLA (+1.47%) , Ford $F (-0.23%) , General Motors $GM (+0.27%) are under pressure because components from Mexico and Canada could become more expensive.
Companies with strong export business
- Boeing $BA (-1.25%) and Caterpillar $CAT (-0.55%) suffer from possible retaliatory tariffs.
US retailers with a high import share
- Walmart $WMT (-0.21%) , Target $TGT (-1.43%) and Nike $NKE (-1.25%) could have to pass on rising prices to customers.
🧠 Possible investment strategies
Favor defensive sectors:
- Utilities (e.g. NextEra Energy $NEE (+0.94%) Duke Energy $DUK (+0.81%) ) and healthcare companies (e.g. UnitedHealth $UNH (+0.29%) , Johnson & Johnson $JNJ (-0.01%) ) remain more stable.
Exploit long-term opportunities in "reshoring":
- Intel $INTC (-3.64%) , Eli Lilly $LLY (-1.12%) , Nucor $NUE (+1.27%) could benefit in the long term.
Conclusion: Will the trade conflict escalate further?
With the new tariffs, Trump is taking a confrontational stance and Canada, Mexico and China are preparing for retaliatory measures. If further tariffs on European goods follow, the situation could worsen.
❓Which stocks do you think could be most affected? Which beneficiaries do you see?
Thanks for reading! 🤝
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Sources:
[4]
[5] https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/amerika/usa-trump-strafzoelle-100.html
