Many investors buy shares based on gut feeling or because they are "on trend". But if you want to be successful in the long term, you need to know whether a company is fundamentally strong. Fundamental analysis helps you to determine the true value of a share - regardless of the current price.

1. business model - How does the company earn money?

✅ Questions you should ask yourself:

- Is the business model understandable and future-proof?

- Does the company have competitive advantages (brand, patents, network effects)?

- What does the industry look like - is it growing or stagnating?

✅ Example:

- Apple not only earns money with iPhones, but increasingly with services (iCloud, App Store, Apple Music).

- Tesla is not just a car manufacturer, but a technology and energy company.

2. key financial figures - Is the share too expensive or a bargain?

To value a share correctly, you need to know these key figures:

📌 P/E ratio (price-earnings ratio)

- Formula: Price / earnings per share

- Shows how often the profit is included in the current share price.

- Rule of thumb:

- P/E ratio < 15 → Potenziell unterbewertet

• KGV > 25 → High valuation, only justified with strong growth

📌 P/E ratio (price/sales ratio)

- Formula: Market capitalization / turnover

- Shows how highly the market values the company in relation to turnover.

- Rule of thumb:

- KUV < 1 → Günstig bewertet

• KUV > 5 → Highly valued, only makes sense with strong growth

📌 Return on equity (ROE)

- Formula: Profit / equity

- Shows how efficiently the company uses its own capital.

- Rule of thumb:

- ROE > 15 % → Strong company

- ROE < 10 % → Weak profitability

📌 Debt-equity ratio

- Shows how much debt capital the company is using.

- High debt = high risk, especially with rising interest rates.

✅ Example:

- Microsoft has a high return on equity and stable → strong long-term growth.

- Start-ups like Beyond Meat have high valuations but losses → high risk!

3. growth & future prospects

✅ Important questions:

- Is turnover growing annually?

- Can the company increase prices or is it dependent on fluctuating costs?

- Is profit increasing or is money being burned on expansion?

✅ Example:

- Amazon invested heavily in growth for a long time → Today one of the most profitable companies.

- Netflix is no longer growing as strongly, but has high costs → increasing competitive pressure.

4. dividends or growth?

- Dividend stocks (e.g. Coca-Cola, Johnson & Johnson) pay out regularly.

- Growth stocks (e.g. Nvidia, Tesla) prefer to invest profits in expansion.

💡 Conclusion:

A hyped company is not automatically a good stock! If you want to invest, you should understand the business model, pay attention to key figures (P/E ratio, KUV, ROE) and analyze long-term growth.

⚠️ I will soon be publishing a detailed article on each of the individual points -> So follow me and if you liked the article, please leave a few coins 👉

🔥 Which key figure is most important to you when analyzing stocks? Write it in the comments!

🔍 Disclaimer: No investment advice - just my personal assessment. Everyone should do their own research!

At the risk of polarizing this article...

30% capital gains tax? No tax exemption for crypto? (Will gold follow?) Significant increase in the income tax rate? Speculation tax on real estate?

I'm flying to Dubai on Sunday and will be looking at real estate there at the beginning of the week. I don't know whether I'll actually make the move. Unlike in other professions, as a lawyer it's not so easy to just carry on working there. After all, my current employer is also based in Dubai... But maybe I'll do something completely different, who knows.

At least I'm not at the moment... so I'm now looking at the possibilities.

Today I bought 2 call options on Nvidia ($NVDA (-5.99%)) with a strike price of USD 102 and a term until June 2026.

What is a call option?

A call option gives you the right (but not the obligation) to buy a share at a fixed price (the so-called strike price) until a certain date. In my case, this means that I have the right to buy Nvidia shares for USD 102 each until June 2026, regardless of how high the share price rises (or falls 🫣) by then.

Why a long term?

Long-term options, also known as LEAPS (Long-Term Equity Anticipation Securities), provide more time for the share price to move in the desired direction. This reduces the risk of short-term market fluctuations rendering the option worthless. However, LEAPS are more expensive than short-term options, as they have or price in a higher time value due to their longer term.

The current share price of Nvidia is around USD 107.69. Since my strike price is USD 102, my option currently has an intrinsic value of USD 5.69 per share (USD 107.69 current share price minus USD 102 strike price). In addition to the intrinsic value, the option price includes a time value that depends on factors such as the remaining term and the expected volatility. This time value means that the market price of the option is higher than the intrinsic value alone.

What did I pay in total?

2 contracts of 100 units each, price USD 29 per unit = USD 5,800 plus fees.

With these call options, I am betting that the Nvidia share price will rise "significantly" by June 2026. The long term gives the investment enough time to benefit from positive developments. The trade is profitable from a price of $NVDA (-5.99%) of over USD 131 (strike + price = 102 + 29 = 131) - so the thing still has to rise by around 22%. This seems plausible to me at this time.

Personal best case: rise to ~160.- Then I would sell one of the options ("take out the stake") and let the other continue to run and probably take over the shares in June 26'.

take over the shares in June 26'.

Do you still need the post on options? Then I'll take care of it. Call/put long/short and some "usual" combinations.

LG

GG

#optionen
#nvda
#calloption

The stock market rises, the stock market falls - but the biggest threat to your long-term success is sitting right in front of your screen: Emotions and panicked decisions often cost investors more money than any crisis.

1. panic selling - the most expensive mistake

• Prices collapse and suddenly everyone sells. Why? Fear!
• In the long term, however, markets almost always rise - those who stay calm win.
• Example: Those who sat out the 2020 corona crash were able to take very high profits.

2. greed eats brains - the hunt for quick money

• Hype stocks, meme stocks or "safe 1000% winners" - sounds good, often ends badly.
• Many invest without understanding the company.
• Successful investors do not buy what is hot, but what is strong in the long term.

3. market timing? (Almost) never works!

• "I wait until the perfect moment comes..." Spoiler: There is no such thing!
• Most of the best days on the stock market happen directly after major crashes - those who are not invested then miss out on huge gains.

⚠️ Anyone who has missed 20 of the best days on the stock market in the last 20 years has achieved over 50 % less return.

4. the best strategy: discipline & long-termism

Diversify broadly: ETFs, quality stocks, cash reserves.

✅ Stay calm: Crises are normal - and often the best buying opportunities.

✅ Invest regularly: Those who buy continuously (e.g. via a savings plan) benefit from the cost-average effect.

💡 Conclusion: Your emotions are your biggest enemy on the stock market. Those who invest for the long term and are not driven by fear or greed have the best chance of success.

🔥 What investment mistake have you ever made? Write it in the comments!

🔍 Disclaimer: No investment advice - just my personal opinion. Everyone should do their own research!

How do you assess the current market situation? Are you buying or do you think it will fall even further?

Unfortunately, I am massively in the red with many shares and would like to lower my buy-in. However, I am afraid of falling further into the falling knife...

I am currently very insecure and am honestly wondering whether I have overestimated myself with the individual stocks. Maybe I should stick with my ETF savings plans after all...

Yours

Max